The study seeks to develop and evaluate non-sputum based tests for tuberculosis (TB), which is a leading priority for TB diagnostics research. Currently, we are focused on ways of processing tongue swabs for molecular detection of TB among non-hospitalized participants (age ≥12 years). Prior to sputum collection, participants provide tongue swabs for diagnostic accuracy testing in reference to routine sputum-based TB results. Tongue swab testing is expected to facilitate more people in the community to get tested (and treated) since tongue swab collection is simple, safe and noninvasive.